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Lesson 1.
Guide to Countable and Uncountable Nouns
By Kenneth Beare, About.com
What are countable nouns?
Countable nouns are individual objects, people, places, etc. which can be counted.
books, Italians, pictures, stations, men, etc.
A countable noun can be both singular - a friend, a house, etc. - or plural - a few apples, lots of trees, etc.
Use the singular form of the verb with a singular countable noun:
There is a book on the table.
That student is excellent!
Use the plural form of the verb with a countable noun in the plural:
There are some students in the classroom.
Those houses are very big, aren't they?
What are uncountable nouns?
Uncountable nouns are materials, concepts, information, etc. which are not individual objects and can not be counted.
information, water, understanding, wood, cheese, etc.
Uncountable nouns are always singular. Use the singular form of the verb with uncountable nouns:
There is some water in that pitcher.
That is the equipment we use for the project.
Adjectives with Countable and Uncountable Nouns.
Use a/an with countable nouns preceded by an adjective(s):
Tom is a very intelligent young man.
I have a beautiful grey cat.
Do not use a/an with uncountable nouns preceded by an adjective(s):
That is very useful information.
There is some cold beer in the fridge.
Some uncountable nouns in English are countable in other languages. This can be confusing! Here is a list of some of the most common, easy to confuse uncountable nouns.
accommodation
advice
baggage
bread
equipment
furniture
garbage
information
knowledge
luggage
money
news
pasta
progress
research
travel
work
Obviously, uncountable nouns (especially different types of food) have forms that express plural concepts. These measurements or containers are countable:
water - a glass of water
equipment - a piece of equipment
cheese - a slice of cheese
Here are some of the most common containers / quantity expressions for these uncountable nouns:
accommodation - a place to stay
advice - a piece of advice
baggage - a piece of baggage
bread - a slice of bread, a loaf of bread
equipment - a piece of equipment
furniture - a piece of furniture
garbage - a piece of garbage
information - a piece of information
knowledge - a fact
luggage - a piece of luggage, a bag, a suitcase
money - a note, a coin
news - a piece of news
pasta - a plate of pasta, a serving of pasta
research - a piece of research, a research project
travel - a journey, a trip
work - a job, a position
Here are some more common uncountable food types with their container / quantity expressions:
liquids (water, beer, wine, etc.) - a glass, a bottle, a jug of water, etc.
cheese - a slice, a chunk, a piece of cheese
meat - a piece, a slice, a pound of meat
butter - a bar of butter
ketchup, mayonnaise, mustard - a bottle of, a tube of ketchup, etc.
Future Forms
Listed below are examples, uses and formation of Future Forms followed by a quiz.
Examples |
Usage |
| Will Verb (base form)
It will snow tomorrow. |
Used for predictions |
| Will Verb (base form)
The concert will begin at 8 o'clock. |
Used for scheduled events |
| Will Verb (base form)
Will you marry me? |
Used for promises |
| Will Verb (base form)
I'll make you a sandwich. |
Used for offers |
| Will Verb (base form)
He will telephone as soon as he arrives. |
Used in combination with time clauses (as soon as, when, before, after) |
|
Be going to Verb (base form) Frank is going to study Medicine. |
The future with 'going to' is used to express planned events or intentions. These events or intentions are decided on before the moment of speaking.
NOTE 'Going to' or '-ing' are often both correct for planed events. 'Going to' should be used for distant future intentions (example: He's going to study Law) |
| Be going to Verb (base form)
Oh no! Look at those clouds. It's going to rain. |
Used for future predictions based on physical (usually visual) evidence. |
| Present Continuous (be '-ing')
He's coming tomorrow afternoon. |
Used for planned or personally scheduled events. Usually used with principle verbs such as: come, go, begin, start, finish, have, etc.
NOTE 'Going to' or '-ing' are often both correct for planed events. 'Going to' should be used for distant future intentions (example: He's going to study Law) |
| Simple Present
The class begins at 11.30. |
Used for scheduled public events such as train and plane schedules, course schedules, etc. |
| Common future time expressions include: | next (week, month, year), tomorrow, in X's time (amount of time, i.e. two week's time), in year, time clauses (when, as soon as, before, after) simple present (example: I will telephone as soon as I arrive.) soon, later |
S will verb (base form) positve S will not (won't) verb (base form) negative will S verb (base form) question
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Conjugate the helping verb "be" 'going to' verb (base form).
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Conjugate the helping verb "be" not going to verb (base form)
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Question word conjugate the helping verb 'be' subject going to verb (base form)
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Conjugate the helping verb "be" and verb -ing.
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Conjugate the helping verb "be" not verb -ing.
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Question word conjugate the helping verb 'be' subject verb -ing
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In the positive form add an 's' to the base form of the 3rd person singular. If the verb ends in -y preceded by a consonant, change the -y to -ies.
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Conjugate the helping verb 'do' not (don't and doesn't) the base form of the verb to make negatives.
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Conjugate the helping verb 'do' (do or does) the base form of the verb in question forms.
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Lesson 2
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